ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ︵Solemn Secred Items︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠲᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠢᠯᠢᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠢᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯᠢ ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ 2004 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠪᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠳ 47 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ︵Ornamental Cap︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠡᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 17 ᠂ 18᠂ 19︶ ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠬᠤᠮᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠦ᠋ ︵宝珠 Hojyu︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠦ᠋ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠺᠠᠮᠦ᠋ᠷᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ ︵Mani︶ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠳᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠣᠪᠣᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠰᠬᠡ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ﹇1﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠳᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ︽ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠬᠠᠮᠠᠳ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ﹇2﹈ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠽᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ︾ ﹇3﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠰ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠢᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠥᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
︽ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠵᠦ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ︵Camphor Tree︶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠣᠰᠢᠨᠦ ᠵᠢᠨᠬᠦ᠋ ︵吉野神宮,Yosino jingu︶ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠱᠠᠭᠵᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ﹇4﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠵᠦ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠯᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 17︶ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠯᠠᠪᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠤᠸᠠᠵᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ幢chuang ᠪᠤᠶᠤ幡fan ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ︽ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰ ᠂ ᠭᠬᠢᠪ ᠂ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠢᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠴᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ︾ ﹇5﹈ ᠃ ᠳᠤᠸᠠᠵᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ dhvaja ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ︽dhvaja ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠳᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠳᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠵᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠰᠢᠭ᠌ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ︿ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ﹀ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠲᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠯᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ︾ ﹇6﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠺᠠᠮᠦ᠋ᠷᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠳᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠷ ᠭᠢᠯᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠢᠨᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠂ ᠯᠠᠪᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠤ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠯᠠᠪᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠤᠽᠦ᠋ᠺᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ︾ ﹇7﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠯᠠᠪᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠪᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄
︵1︶ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ︵ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
︵2︶ ᠱᠣᠪᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ︵ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
︵3︶ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ︵ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶᠃
︵4︶ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ︵ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 17︶ ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 18︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠳᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠄
﹇1﹈ ﹇6﹈ 中村元、福永光司、田村芳郎、今野達、末木文美士 編 ︵Nakamura Hajime, Fukunaga Mitsuji, Tamura Yoshiro, Konno Toru, Sueki Fumihiko︶ 1989 ︵2002︶『岩波 仏教辞典 第二版』東京᠄岩波書店 ︵ᠨᠠᠺᠠᠮᠦ᠋ᠷᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠢᠮᠧ ᠂ ᠹᠦᠺᠦ᠋ᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠢᠽᠦ᠋ᠵᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠮᠦ᠋ᠷᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠢᠷᠤ ᠂ ᠺᠤᠨᠨᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠦ᠋ ᠂ ᠰᠦᠶᠧᠺᠢ ᠹᠦᠮᠢᠾᠢᠺᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ ︽ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ︾ p.909, p.749。
﹇2﹈ 2005-6-20 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠪᠠᠯ ︵69 ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ︶ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ ᠃
﹇3﹈ 辻雄二 ︵Tsuji Yuji︶ 1994「オボー信仰再考 ―― 東アジア民間信仰理解における一試論 ―― 」『史鏡』Vol.29 歴史人類学会編 ︵ᠽᠦᠵᠢ ᠶᠦᠵᠢ ︿ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ — ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ﹀ ︽ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ 29 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ︶ p.146。
﹇4﹈ 宮家準 ︵Miyake Hitoshi︶ 1989 ︵1995︶『宗教民族学』東京᠄東京大学出版会 ︵ᠮᠢᠶᠠᠺᠧ ᠾᠢᠲ᠋ᠤᠰᠢ ︽ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ︾︶ p.231。
﹇5﹈ ᠼ᠊ ᠂ ᠨᠣᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠂ ᠮᠠᠩ᠊ ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ︵ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ︶ 1997 ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠤᠲᠠ᠄ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠂ p.2892 ᠃
﹇7﹈ 1984 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠤᠤᠽᠦ᠋ᠺᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠡ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠱᠠᠮᠪᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ ᠦᠦ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠪᠠ ︵大塚和義 ︵Otsuka Katsuyoshi︶ 1984「中国・内モンゴル自治区モンゴル族のオボ祭りと牧畜」『えとのす』新日本教育図書株式会社 Vol.23︶ ︵ᠤᠤᠽᠦ᠋ᠺᠠ ᠺᠠᠽᠦ᠋ᠶᠣᠰᠢ ︿ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ﹀ ︽ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ︾ 23 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ︶ p.23。
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ︵Sacred Tree︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠲᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ︵Jigan︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 20 ᠂ 21︶ ᠃ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ﹇1﹈ ᠃ ᠮᠢᠨᠤ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃
︵1︶ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠳᠡᠬᠦ ︵ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
︵2︶ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠳᠡᠬᠦ ︵ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
︵3︶ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠳᠡᠬᠦ ︵ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
︵4︶ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠳᠡᠬᠦ ︵ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ︵ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 25,26︶ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠸᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠪᠠᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ︽ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠰᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠪᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ᠄
︽ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ
ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠤᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨᠡ ᠃
ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠺᠠ ᠂ ᠮᠠᠾᠠᠺᠠᠯᠠ
ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠨᠢ
ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ
ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ
ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠭᠬᠢᠪ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨᠡ
ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠳᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠡ ᠃
ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ
ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠡ︾ ︵ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠ︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠳᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠰᠢᠪᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ︵Birch︶ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠢᠶᠠᠺᠧ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠢᠰᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠨᠬᠥ᠋ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ︵伊勢神宮,Isejingu︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠢᠰᠠᠨᠠᠮᠢ ᠂ ᠢᠰᠠᠭᠠᠮᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠮᠤᠭ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠯ ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ︾ ﹇2﹈ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠮᠢᠶᠠᠺᠧ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠷᠸᠠ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ﹇3﹈ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠸ᠋ᠭᠠᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠩᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠱᠣᠷᠣ ︵ᠱᠣᠷᠤᠭ︶ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠣᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ︵Totem Pole︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ︾ ﹇4﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠰ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ︽ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠩᠭᠤᠰᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠱᠣᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ︿ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ﹀ ᠤᠨ 110 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦᠴᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ︿ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠯᠦᠩᠴᠧᠩ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠮᠤᠢ ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠤᠢ﹀ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ﹇5﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦᠴᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭ ᠣᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠪᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠰᠦᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ﹇6﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠩᠭᠤᠰ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠱᠣᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠨᠥᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠣᠷ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠮᠰᠦᠭ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠣᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠂ ᠳᠣᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ︵Tree of the Universe︶ ᠂ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ︵World Tree︶ ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ︵Tree of Life︶ ᠂ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ︵Tree of Knowledge︶ ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ︵World Axis︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠱᠠᠭᠵᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ︵Bodhi Tree︶ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ ︽ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ﹇7﹈ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ︽ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ︾ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠲ᠋ᠢᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠱᠠᠭᠵᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠢᠵᠢᠯᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ︾ ᠂ ︽ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠵᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ︾ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ︽ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ︾ ﹇8﹈ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ︾ ᠂ ︽ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ︾ ᠂ ︽ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ︾ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠣᠮᠤᠭ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠳᠢᠶᠠᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠪᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠦᠯᠲᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠹᠢᠨᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠦᠨᠦ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠧᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ︵ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ︶ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ﹇9﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠄
﹇1﹈ 2004 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 8 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 5 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ︵31︶ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ 1745 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ 1986 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ 100km ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠳᠣ 60 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠃
﹇2﹈ 宮家準 ︵Miyake Hitoshi︶ 1989 ︵1995︶『宗教民族学』東京᠄東京大学出版会 ︵ᠮᠢᠶᠠᠺᠧ ᠾᠢᠲ᠋ᠤᠰᠢ ︽ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ︾︶ pp.226-227。
﹇3﹈ 江上波夫 ︵Egami Namio︶ 1956「オボ」『世界歴史事典第2巻』東京᠄平凡社 ︵ᠡᠸ᠋ᠭᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠢᠤ᠋ ︿ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ﹀ ︽ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ︾︶ p.163。
﹇4﹈ 白鳥庫吉 ︵Shiratori Kurakichi︶ 1912 ︵1970︶「幢竿に就いて」『白鳥庫吉全集 弟3巻』東京᠄岩波書店 ︵ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠺᠦᠷᠠᠺᠢᠴᠢ ︿ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ﹀ ︽ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠺᠦᠷᠠᠺᠢᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ︾︶ p.504。
﹇5﹈ ﹇6﹈ 白鳥庫吉 ︵Shiratori Kurakichi︶ 1936 ︵1970︶「満鮮に於ける竿木崇拝」『白鳥庫吉全集 弟3巻』東京᠄岩波書店 ︵ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠺᠦᠷᠠᠺᠢᠴᠢ ︿ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠩᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ﹀ ︽ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠺᠦᠷᠠᠺᠢᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ︾︶ p.505, p.507。
﹇7﹈ ﹇8﹈ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠂ ᠱᠨᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ 1983 ︽ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ︾ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ᠄ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠂ p.281, pp.284-286 ᠃
﹇9﹈ハルヴァ・ウノ ︵田中克彦 訳, Tanaka Katsuhiko︶ 1971 ︵1989︶『シャマニズム アルタイ系諸民族の世界像』東京:三省堂 ( Uno Harva.,1938. Die Religiösen Vorstellungen Der Altaischen Völker,Helsinki.) ︵ᠦᠨᠦ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠧᠨ ︵ᠲᠠᠨᠠᠺᠠ ᠺᠠᠽᠦ᠋ᠾᠢᠺᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ︶ ︽ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ — ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠲᠡ︾︶ pp.27-38。
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ︵Live Tree︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ︽ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠮᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ︾ ﹇1﹈ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ︽ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠩᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠴᠤᠭ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︾ ﹇2﹈ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠢᠳᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠦᠷ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠮᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠪᠢ 2004 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 22 ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 6 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 25 ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 40km ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠷᠬᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠷᠬᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠳᠤᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠹᠦ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 22 ᠂ 23︶ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠷ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠲᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ︽ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ﹇3﹈ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠲᠨ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠷᠪᠢᠯ ᠮᠠᠮᠠ ︵69 ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ︶ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠂ ᠰᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠭᠠᠴᠢᠭ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠮᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠡᠷ ᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠯᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃
︵1︶ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ︵ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
︵2︶ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ︵ᠸᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
︵3︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠮᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ︵ᠭᠤᠷᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ︶ ᠃
ᠮᠢᠨᠤ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ① ᠪᠠ② ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ③ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃
ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ︵Willow︶ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠤᠨᠳᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠱᠦᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠭᠢᠯᠪᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ ᠃ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠺᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠳᠢᠶᠠᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠢᠨᠳᠢᠶᠠᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠶᠧᠵᠢᠪᠲᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳᠴᠦᠳ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠰᠦᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠢᠰᠨᠳ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠸᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠᠳᠴᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠩᠨᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠸᠧᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠴᠢ ᠮᠢᠨ ᠶᠣᠣ ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ︵《齊民要術Qi Min Yao Shu》︶ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡ ᠃ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠳᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠮᠨᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠭᠦᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠯᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠡᠮᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠭᠦᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠮᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠭᠦᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠪ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠳ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠶᠢᠮᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠤᠨᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳ ︽ᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ︾ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠠᠪᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ︽ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ︾ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠦᠷᠨᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠴᠢ ᠪᠢᠮᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ︾ ᠢ ︽ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ︽ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ︽ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠩᠭᠠᠩ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠯᠠᠶᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠮᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡᠳᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠶᠠ ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ︾ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠦ ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠨᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠤᠨᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠦ ᠃ ᠭᠠᠨᠵᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠭᠥᠷᠥᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠣᠴᠣᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠃
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠄
﹇1﹈ ᠭ᠊ ᠂ ᠨᠢᠩᠪᠤ ᠂ ᠴ᠊ ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ 1994 ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠤᠲᠠ᠄ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠂ p.76 ᠃
﹇2﹈ ᠼ᠊ ᠂ ᠨᠣᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠂ ᠮᠠᠩ᠊ ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ︵ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ︶ 1997 ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠤᠲᠠ᠄ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠂ p.2884 ᠃
﹇3﹈ 森田勇造 ︵Morita Yuzo︶ 1986『チンギス・ハンの末裔たち 騎馬民族・モンゴル族踏査行』東京᠄講談社 ︵ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠲᠨ ᠶᠦᠽᠤ ︽ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠴᠢᠰ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ︾︶ p.62。
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ︵Dead Tree︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠣᠵᠣᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ 16 ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ 10 ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠰ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠰᠠᠭᠯᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠰ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 24︶ ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠂ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠨᠢ 1cm ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠨᠢ 4cm ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠨᠢ 10-12cm ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ 5-7m ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ 2m ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠪᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠪᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠮᠨᠢᠭ ᠳᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠥᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 16 ᠂ 17 ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ︽ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 25︶ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠂ ᠣᠨᠢᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢᠷ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠣᠪᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠣᠵᠣᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠢᠷ ᠥᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ 16 ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ 10 ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ︽ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ 16 ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ 10 ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠮᠢᠨᠤ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃
︵1︶ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
︵2︶ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃
︵3︶ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃
︵4︶ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠥᠰ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ︽ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠢᠦ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ 1,000 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠪᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ 1,000 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠴᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠰᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ︵Incense Burner︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠨᠢ 1.5m ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ 1m ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ 0.6m ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠪᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠵᠦ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ 20m ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 26︶ ᠃ ᠸᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 27︶ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠶᠢᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠢ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠨᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠪᠰᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠪᠥᠬᠡᠴᠦᠳ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠳᠢᠲᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
︽ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠭᠷᠧᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠮᠤᠭ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠫᠤᠯᠯᠤᠨ ︵Apollon︶ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠸᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠺᠠᠨ ︵Vatican︶ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠮᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠫᠤᠯᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠦᠯᠲᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ︾ ﹇1﹈ ᠃
ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠴᠢᠨᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠭᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠦᠨᠦᠷᠲᠦ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ︽ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠤᠮᠠ ᠦᠨᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠬᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠭᠢᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠶᠢᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠢᠨᠳᠢᠶᠠᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ︿ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ﹀ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠤᠭᠤᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠭᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠤᠮᠠ ᠦᠨᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ︾ ﹇2﹈ ᠃
ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠤᠭᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠄
﹇1﹈ ﹇2﹈ ジャン・シュヴァリエ、アラン・ゲールブラン 共著 ︵金光仁三郎 他訳 , Kanamitsu Jinsaboro︶ 1996 ︵2002︶『世界シンボル大事典』東京᠄大修館書店 (Jean Chevalier and Alain Cheerbrant.,1982. Dictionnaire des Symboles, Robert Laffont et Jupiter.) ︵J.ᠱᠸᠧᠠᠯᠢᠷ ᠂ A.ᠱᠧᠷᠪᠷᠠᠨᠲ ︵ᠺᠠᠨᠠᠮᠢᠽᠦ᠋ ᠵᠢᠨᠰᠠᠪᠦ᠋ᠷᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ︶ ︽ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾︶ pp.438-439, pp.381-382。
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ︵Altar︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠂ ᠱᠦᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠨᠳᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠦᠵᠢ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠷᠥᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ︵ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ︶ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠩᠭᠤᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠱᠦᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠣᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ 47 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ 2004 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ 5m ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠨᠢ 0.5m ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠨᠢ 5m ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠲᠣᠰᠣ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠦᠵᠦᠮ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠥᠷᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠷᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ︽ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠠᠩᠨᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠪᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 20m ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃
ᠭᠤᠷᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 28︶ ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠨᠦᠰᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 29︶ ᠃
ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ︵Connected Altar︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 30︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 31︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠣᠢ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠲᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠣᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠳᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠣᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠲᠦ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠩᠭᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ︵Disconnected Altar︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ᠋ᠠ᠋ᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ 3km ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ 19 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠴᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠵᠦ ︽ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ 1997 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠱᠠᠩᠯᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠢᠵᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃